布洛赫的乌托邦范畴不是托马斯·莫尔的“乌托邦”及空想(乌托邦的)社会主义的简单发展,更不是社会主义从科学到乌托邦的倒退。它既涉及乌托邦内容和乌托邦功能的区分,又涉及抽象乌托邦和具体乌托邦的区分。布洛赫的“具体乌托邦”范畴是对马克思主义历史辩证法的说明,不仅包含期盼、梦想、认识和行动的主体向度,也包含实在可能性的客体向度。 Bloch’s utopian category is not a simple development of Thomas More’s utopia and fantasy (utopian) socialism, nor is it a step backward from science to utopia. It involves both the distinction between utopian content and utopian functions, as well as the distinction between abstract and concrete utopias. Bloch’s “concrete utopia” category is an explanation of the historical dialectics of Marxism. It contains not only the subjective dimensions of expectancy, dreams, understanding and action, but also the objective dimension of real possibility.