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在如何有效刺激经济复苏、解决失业问题上,欧盟和美国之间存在激烈的争论,其焦点在于如何合理有效地使用财政政策和货币政策;尽管宏观经济政策可以解决周期性问题,但目前无论是欧盟还是美国都承认其失业情况不仅是简单的周期性问题,还面临着复杂的结构性挑战。当今世界劳动力市场面临着复杂的结构性挑战。这种结构性挑战的一种表现就是雇主所要求的技能和劳动者所拥有技能之间的不匹配性,而这种不匹配性在青年劳动者身上表现得尤为明显。实际上,职业教育能够在很大程度上有效降低这种结构性的技能不匹配性。
There are heated debates over how to effectively stimulate economic recovery and solve unemployment. The focus of the EU and the United States is how to use fiscal and monetary policies in a fair and efficient manner. Although macroeconomic policies can solve cyclical problems, Both the EU and the United States recognize that unemployment is not only a simple cyclical issue but also a complex structural challenge. The labor market in today’s world faces complex structural challenges. One manifestation of this structural challenge is the mismatch between the skills required by employers and those possessed by workers, and this mismatch is particularly evident among young workers. In fact, vocational education can effectively reduce this structural skill mismatch to a large extent.