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应用HyperXtrude有限元模拟软件,对大宽厚比ZK60镁合金型材正挤压成形过程进行了数值模拟,优化了模具结构,研究了不同挤压速度对型材成形效果的影响。对模拟得到的速度、位移、应变和温度场进行分析,优化了挤压工艺。在挤压温度为350℃,挤压速度为20mm·s-1下进行正挤压试验,成功挤出宽度225mm,厚6mm的ZK60镁合金型材。型材横截面微观组织为动态再结晶组织,晶粒沿变形方向被拉长,变形中的温度场和金属流动方向是影响微观组织的主要因素。对该型材采用不同热处理工艺处理后进行力学性能测试。结果表明,该型材经250℃保温2h的退火工艺可以获得较高的综合力学性能。
The HyperXtrude finite element simulation software was used to simulate the extrusion process of ZK60 magnesium alloy with large aspect ratio. The mold structure was optimized and the effect of extrusion speed on the forming effect was studied. The simulated velocity, displacement, strain and temperature field were analyzed to optimize the extrusion process. In the extrusion temperature of 350 ℃, the extrusion speed of 20mm · s-1 under normal extrusion test, the successful extrusion width 225mm, thickness 6mm ZK60 magnesium alloy section. The microstructure of the cross section of the profile is a dynamic recrystallized structure. The grains are elongated along the deformation direction. The temperature field and the direction of the metal flow are the main factors affecting the microstructure. The profiles were treated with different heat treatment process after the mechanical properties of the test. The results show that the profile can be annealed at 250 ℃ for 2h to obtain higher mechanical properties.