以鄂尔多斯高家梁煤矿浅埋2-2上煤层上覆广泛分布的砂质泥岩为研究对象,试验测试不同沉积建造砂质泥岩细观结构及矿物成分,并对地层赋存条件不同的采煤工作面裂隙带发育高度进行探测。结果表明:浅埋侏罗系直罗组、安定组砂质泥岩颗粒体积小,颗粒之间点点接触、孔隙小,蒙脱石含量较高,遇水体积膨胀;胶结性差,易断裂且岩层破断后具有一定的阻水能力。构建了浅埋砂质泥岩顶板煤层保水开采评价模型,获得浅埋煤层保水开采的2个基本条件,并提出保水开采评价方法,该方法评价结果与现场实践相一致。 Taking sandstone shale broadly distributed over the upper coal seam of 2-2 in the Gaojialiang coal mine of Ordos as the research object, the meso-structure and mineral composition of the sandy mudstone were tested by different sediments. Coal mining with different strata occurrence conditions Face fracture zone development height exploration. The results show that the shallow Jurassic Zhiluo Formation and the Anding Formation sandy mudstone have small volume, little contact between the grains, small pores, high content of montmorillonite and water volume expansion, poor cementation, easy fracture and fracture of the rock formation After a certain water resistance. This paper constructs the evaluation model of water-cut mining of shallow-buried sandy mudstone roof coal seam and obtains two basic conditions for water-cut mining in shallow coal seam. The evaluation method of water-retaining mining is proposed. The evaluation results of this method are consistent with the field practice.