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为优化滴灌棉花的施肥技术,探究液态有机肥对滴灌棉花生长发育的影响,笔者采取单因子随机区组试验设计,研究在滴灌棉花不同生育时期施用液态有机肥对棉花光和特性、干物质积累及产量的影响。结果表明:(1)施用液态有机肥能够促进植株生长发育,增大光合速率增加棉花产量,且随着液态有机肥施用量的增大,各处理叶面积指数、SPAD值均呈现先增后减的趋势,均于铃期达最大值,其中苗期与蕾期施液态肥的C处理最大值分别为3.25和62.63;(2)叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)均以C处理最高,并于8月5日花铃期达到极值,而胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)表现为C处理最低,为188.67μmol/mol;(3)整个生育期内单株干物质积累量、伏前桃、伏桃、单株铃数及品质均以C处理最好,与其他处理达显著差异水平(P<0.05),且增产幅度为27.01%~42.97%。研究表明,液态有机肥适宜的施用时期不仅可提高叶面积指数、叶绿素含量及光合速率,同时为后期干物质积累及产量的形成奠定基础。
In order to optimize the fertilizing technology of drip irrigation cotton and to explore the effect of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and development of drip irrigation cotton, we used single factor randomized block design to study the effects of liquid organic fertilizer on cotton photosynthesis and dry matter accumulation And the impact of production. The results showed that: (1) The application of liquid organic fertilizer could promote the growth and development of plants, increase the photosynthetic rate and increase the yield of cotton. With the increase of liquid organic fertilizer application, the leaf area index and SPAD value increased first and decreased later (P> 0.05). The maximum value of C treatment in the seedling and bud stage was 3.25 and 62.63 respectively. (2) The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) were the highest in C treatment, and reached the peak value in flowering period on August 5, while the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) showed the lowest C treatment, which was 188.67 μmol / mol. (3) During the whole growth period The dry matter accumulation per plant, pre-V, peach, boll number per plant and quality were best treated with C, with significant differences with other treatments (P <0.05), and the yield was 27.01% -42.97%. The results showed that suitable application period of liquid organic fertilizer can not only increase leaf area index, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate, but also lay the foundation for later dry matter accumulation and yield formation.