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龙胆为常用中药,具清热燥湿,泻肝胆火的功效。其来源为龙胆科植物条叶龙胆(gentiana manshurica kitag)、龙胆(gentiana scabra bge)、三花龙胆(gentiana trflora pall)或坚龙胆(gentiana rigescens franch)的干燥根及根茎。前三种习称“龙胆”,后一种习称“坚龙胆。龙胆的伪品桃儿七为小檗科植物桃儿七(podophyllum emodiwall)的根及根茎。为西北地区常用草药。味苦,性寒,有毒,有祛风湿,利气活血,止痛,止咳的功能。因其含鬼臼脂素等毒性太大,不适于直接在临床上应用。九十年代初在河北省个别医疗单位曾将桃儿七误作毛莨科植物威灵仙服用而造成中毒。威灵仙表面黑褐色,味淡,而桃儿七表面棕褐色或棕黄色,味苦,二者区别很大,因此后来未发现混淆现象,而桃儿七与龙胆的外观性状极为相近,在历史上就有误用情况。近年来在河北、江西、山西省又有40余人因误服桃儿七而发生中毒。中毒症状是上吐下泻,四肢无力,手脚麻木,甚至瘫痪,二周后经治疗才能逐渐恢复。为防止类似事件的发生,现将龙胆及其伪品桃儿七的主要性状鉴别要点介绍如下,供大家参考。
Gentiana is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, with heat and dampness, diarrhea, liver and gallbladder fire effect. The source is the dried roots and rhizomes of the gentiana manshurica kitag, gentiana scabra bge, gentiana trflora pall, or gentiana rigescens franch. The first three are called “Gentian”, and the latter is called “Gentian.” The pseudogerm of gentian Taoji is the root and rhizome of the podophyllum emodiwall. It is commonly used in northwestern China. Bitter, cold, toxic, rheumatism, qi and blood circulation, pain relief, cough relieving function, because of its too high toxicity such as podophyllotoxin, it is not suitable for direct clinical application.In the early nineties in Hebei province Individual medical units had poisoned Tao Erqi as a plant of clematis and was used to cause poisoning. Clematis was dark brown in color and pale in taste, while Tao Erqi had a brown or brownish yellow color on the surface and was bitter in taste. As a result, there was no confusion afterwards, and the appearance of Tao Erqi and Gentian was very similar, and there were misuses in history.In recent years, there were more than 40 people in Hebei, Jiangxi, and Shanxi Province who were mistaken for Tao Erqi. The symptoms of poisoning include vomiting and diarrhea, weakness in the extremities, numbness in hands and feet, and even paralysis, which can be gradually restored after two weeks of treatment.To prevent the occurrence of similar incidents, the main traits of gentian and its pseudo-peach VII are now Identification points are described below for your reference.