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前言冷拔材六角和方钢是自动切削用原料。它的用量很大、由于冷拔工艺复杂其产量远远满足不了机械行业需要。冷拔坯料以前多用相似形轧材,由于批量小轧机换辊麻烦,造成轧机产量下降成本提高。国内坯料都是横列式无控制活套轧制的,钢材表面划伤、耳子和折迭较多,产生后不便于清理,所以多改用元钢为坯料,六角经2～3次、方钢经3～4次冷拔成型。例:φ33火～31~*火～29~*火～27~*,这样的工艺周期长,工序废品多,成本高,同时切削性能变坏。这种落后工艺必须改进。国外“一次成型”冷拔工艺早已实行,81年7月钢铁司组织冷拔技术座谈会。介绍了日本冷拔钢生产技术,会后决定开展“一次成型”工艺研究。今年5月开了冶金部冷拔钢材”一次成型”现场经验交流会,已有八家试制,其中上冷、齐钢、首钢已成批生产了1100吨产品,上五成功地拔制丁不锈钢和高温合金。“一次成型”工艺简单效率高,钢材质量好.成本低.被列为特殊钢系统重点推广新工艺之一。现将各厂的研制与生产情况作一综合叙述。本文以工艺和模具为重点,并分析了成材时各项质量指标和经济效益。希望能得到大量推广。
Foreword Cold-drawn hexagonal and square steel is the material for automatic cutting. It is a large amount of use, due to its complexity of drawing process its production can not meet the needs of the machinery industry. Cold-drawn blanks before the use of similar shaped rolling material, due to the volume of small rolling mill roll trouble, resulting in reduced mill production costs. Domestic billets are rolling without controllaces rolling, scratched the surface of steel, more ears and folds, after the inconvenient to clean up, so many changes to the use of yuan for the billet, hexagonal by 2 to 3 times, square Steel by 3 to 4 cold drawing. Example: φ33 fire ~ 31 ~ * fire ~ 29 ~ * fire ~ 27 ~ *, such a long process cycle, process waste, high cost, while cutting performance deterioration. This backward process must be improved. Foreign “once formed” cold drawing process has long been implemented, in July 81 Iron and Steel Division cold drawn technology forum. Introduced the Japanese cold drawn steel production technology, after the meeting decided to carry out “a molding” process. In May this year, Metallurgical Department opened a cold drawn steel “once forming” field experience exchange, there have been eight trial production, of which cold, Qi Steel, Shougang has mass-produced 1100 tons of products, the success of the last five stainless steel And high temperature alloy. “One-shot” process is simple and efficient, the quality of steel is good, the cost is low, and it is listed as one of the key new technologies for special steel systems. Now the plant’s research and production for a comprehensive description. This article focuses on process and mold, and analyzes the quality indicators and economic benefits of the finished product. Hope to get a lot of promotion.