食用菌大多数都属于担子菌,这个庞大的家族种类繁多,千差万别。但是就其生活史来说,除了少数同宗配合的种类外,却大多有一个共同的模式,就是由一个自体不育的单核体,通过有性过程转变成双核体,在适宜的条件下便可形成子实体。在异宗配合的担子菌的育种中,主要手段是根据担子菌有性过程的特性,施行杂交育种。基本方法就是把基因型不同的两个双核菌株的单孢子分离出来,两两配对。如果这两个单孢子是属于不同的性别,即含有不 Most mushrooms belong to basidiomycetes, a huge variety of families, vary widely. However, in terms of their life history, most of them have a common model, except for the few species that are co-authored with each other, that is, from an autosomal male mononuclear body transformed into a dinuclear body through a sexual process and under appropriate conditions Sub-entity can be formed. In the breeding of Basidiomycetes, the main method is to carry out crossbreeding according to the characteristics of sexual process of Basidiomycetes. The basic method is to separate the genotypes of the two dual-core strains of single spores, paired pairs. If the two single spores are of different genders, ie contain no