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聚合物超薄膜结晶是高分子物理领域的一个新研究课题,近来已引起人们的关注,其为人们在真实时空下研究聚合物结晶及相关链行为提供了可能。聚合物超薄膜结晶与膜厚(D)有很强的相关性,尤其是D<20nm的薄膜在结晶形貌和结晶动力学方面与本体结晶差别很大。已有的结果主要集中在结晶形貌、晶体尺寸、晶体生长速度和习性、晶体的熔融和结晶度等方面,涉及温度、膜厚、基片性质和膜的组成和结构对结晶的影响;然而,有些实验结果和解释彼此不完全一致,甚至有时相互矛盾。本文综述和讨论了近年来在超薄膜结晶方面的研究,重点在于结晶形貌的形成和相关的聚合物链行为。
Polymer ultra-thin film crystallization is a new research topic in the field of polymer physics, which has attracted people’s attention recently. It provides a possibility for people to study polymer crystallization and related chain behavior in real time and space. The crystallization of ultra-thin polymer films has a strong correlation with the film thickness (D). In particular, the films with D <20 nm greatly differ from the bulk crystals in terms of crystal morphology and crystallization kinetics. The existing results have mainly focused on the effects of temperature, film thickness, substrate properties and the composition and structure of the film on the crystallization in terms of crystal morphology, crystal size, crystal growth rate and habit, crystal melting and crystallinity, etc. However, Some experimental results and explanations are not completely consistent with each other, and sometimes even contradictory. In this paper, the recent studies on the crystallization of ultra-thin films are reviewed and discussed, with emphasis on the formation of crystalline morphology and the associated polymer chain behavior.