论文部分内容阅读
所谓阶层,通常指同一阶级中因财产状况社会地位的不同或谋生方式不同而区分的社会集团.对这一概念我们应认真理解和认识.首先,阶层是一个历史的范畴,它是随着阶级的产生和发展而出现的.不同的阶级及其在不同的发展阶段形成不同的社会阶层.如在中国半封建、半殖民地社会,地主阶级因占有土地数量和剥削数额的不同而分为大、中、小地主,农民阶级因受剥削的程度不同而分为上中农、下中农、贫农和雇农;资产阶级有官僚资产阶级和民族资产阶级之分,工人分为产业工人、手工业工人和店员等.
The so-called hierarchy usually refers to the social groups that are distinguished by the different social status of the property status or different ways of earning a living in the same class. We should carefully understand and recognize this concept. First, the class is a historical category, and it is a class. The different classes and their different social classes have emerged at different stages of development. For example, in semi-feudal and semi-colonial societies in China, the landlord class is divided into large and medium-sized lands because of the amount of land occupied and the amount of exploitation. Small-scale landlords and peasant classes are divided into upper-middle peasants, lower-middle peasants, poor peasants, and peasants because of the degree of exploitation. The bourgeoisie has the distinction between the bureaucratic bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie. Workers are divided into industrial workers, handicraft workers, and shop assistants.