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初中英语教师在教学时如果不考虑到学生之间的差异,英语教学的效率难以得到提高。为了更好地引导学生学习,教师要恰当运用差异教学法。现举例说明。
一、用分层次的方法引导学生学习
初中英语教师在引导学生学习时,如果给学生提供统一的学习对象,学生有可能因为差异性的原因,不能有效地从对象中吸收知识。英语教师要在引导学生学习时,给予学生不同难度、不同层次的学习内容,让学生自己的选择。
比如初中英语教师引导学生学习《Abilities》一课时,教师为学生提供了一份学习材料:
Here our comments refer to slide number in your document .
Slide 5: pin-point gate,runner is ∮6.0mm,the gate is ∮1.5mm => OK
Slide 7 and 14: please continue with your earlier suggestion (which we agreed) to smooth outer edge of lens plate:
Slide 8: The product should make 3 slides => OK
Slide 9: The product is ejected by 4 eject bar. The red area will cause eject bar marks. Could you accept it? =>OK
Slide 15: decrease the plastic of core mold to be draft 2D of one side => OK
Slide 16: enlarge the width to be 0.5mm => OK
timing for soft tooling:
With the above comments/changes we can approve the DFM for soft tooling.
Please start soft tooling as soon as possible to meet delivery date.
We need first hardware samples here in the Netherlands in week.
以上材料为英语商务信函的片断,因为它的句式比较复杂、专有名词比较多,所以适合英语基础好的学生学习。
二、采用合作学习的方式
所谓合作学习,是指教师根据学生之间的差异将不同的学生编成一个学习小组,教师为学习小组确定学习目标,让学习小组内所有成员合作学习。小组成员为了达到学习的目标,交流合作,取长补短,小组成员的差异性得到体现,小组成员的特长也能得到发挥。
比如,初中英语教师在引导学生学习《My day》一课时,将学生分成数个学习小组,要求每个学习小组以日常生活情境为主题,编写一个英语剧本,小组成员要挑选恰当的剧本内容。其中一个小组成员拟写的剧本如下:
Ann:Hey, Jim, it’s time to wake up and get out of bed.
Jim: Do I have to get up now?
Ann: You’d better get up, or you’ll be late.
Jim: What are you talking about? My alarm hasn’t even gone off yet.
Ann: Yes, it did. It went off 30 minutes ago. You slept right through it. You like a dead person while you sleep.
Jim: I must have slept right through it.
Ann: Rise and shine! Sleepyhead!
Jim: Just let me sleep 5 more minutes.
Ann: The early bird gets the worm.
Jim: I know. I know. But I don’t want any worms.
Ann: Ha! Ha! If you don’t make an effort now, later on it’ll be a lot tougher for you.
使用合作学习的教学方法,学生不仅能自主地学习到英语知识,他们的特长也能得到发挥,潜力得到挖掘,综合素质也能得以提高。
三、采用多元化评价
学生在完成学习任务后,教师给予评价,是为了给学生反馈,学生能从这种反馈中了解自己的知识结构是否存在缺陷、学习方法是否正确、是否需要调整学习目标等内容。为了让学生更客观地了解自己的学习情况,初中英语教师采用多种方式对学生进行评价,让学生了解自己的优势和劣势。
比如,教师在引导学生学习《Online travel》一课时,要求学生写作文,这名学生写的作文片段如下:
Page 12: accept the modification, pls. refer to latest model;
Page 13: update draft angle from 1deg to 3 deg, not 5 deg;
Page 14: update draft angle from 1 deg to 2 deg, 3 deg will effect assembly reliability;
Accept other proposal in DFM.
Pls. go ahead for soft tooling manufacture.
By the way, we need samples before June 2th, pls. share with us your manufacture plan.
教师可从文章的思想性、语法的正确性、语境的营造方法等多个方面进行评价,学生了解了自己的优点和缺点,就能有针对性地自主学习。这种多元化的评估方式,正是建立在尊重学生差异性的前提下的,能更有效地引导学生学习,学生学习的自主性就会得以提高。
在初中英语教学中,如果能重视学生的差异性,据此引导学生学习,学生的学习自主性就会得以提高,教师的教学效率也会得到提高。
一、用分层次的方法引导学生学习
初中英语教师在引导学生学习时,如果给学生提供统一的学习对象,学生有可能因为差异性的原因,不能有效地从对象中吸收知识。英语教师要在引导学生学习时,给予学生不同难度、不同层次的学习内容,让学生自己的选择。
比如初中英语教师引导学生学习《Abilities》一课时,教师为学生提供了一份学习材料:
Here our comments refer to slide number in your document .
Slide 5: pin-point gate,runner is ∮6.0mm,the gate is ∮1.5mm => OK
Slide 7 and 14: please continue with your earlier suggestion (which we agreed) to smooth outer edge of lens plate:
Slide 8: The product should make 3 slides => OK
Slide 9: The product is ejected by 4 eject bar. The red area will cause eject bar marks. Could you accept it? =>OK
Slide 15: decrease the plastic of core mold to be draft 2D of one side => OK
Slide 16: enlarge the width to be 0.5mm => OK
timing for soft tooling:
With the above comments/changes we can approve the DFM for soft tooling.
Please start soft tooling as soon as possible to meet delivery date.
We need first hardware samples here in the Netherlands in week.
以上材料为英语商务信函的片断,因为它的句式比较复杂、专有名词比较多,所以适合英语基础好的学生学习。
二、采用合作学习的方式
所谓合作学习,是指教师根据学生之间的差异将不同的学生编成一个学习小组,教师为学习小组确定学习目标,让学习小组内所有成员合作学习。小组成员为了达到学习的目标,交流合作,取长补短,小组成员的差异性得到体现,小组成员的特长也能得到发挥。
比如,初中英语教师在引导学生学习《My day》一课时,将学生分成数个学习小组,要求每个学习小组以日常生活情境为主题,编写一个英语剧本,小组成员要挑选恰当的剧本内容。其中一个小组成员拟写的剧本如下:
Ann:Hey, Jim, it’s time to wake up and get out of bed.
Jim: Do I have to get up now?
Ann: You’d better get up, or you’ll be late.
Jim: What are you talking about? My alarm hasn’t even gone off yet.
Ann: Yes, it did. It went off 30 minutes ago. You slept right through it. You like a dead person while you sleep.
Jim: I must have slept right through it.
Ann: Rise and shine! Sleepyhead!
Jim: Just let me sleep 5 more minutes.
Ann: The early bird gets the worm.
Jim: I know. I know. But I don’t want any worms.
Ann: Ha! Ha! If you don’t make an effort now, later on it’ll be a lot tougher for you.
使用合作学习的教学方法,学生不仅能自主地学习到英语知识,他们的特长也能得到发挥,潜力得到挖掘,综合素质也能得以提高。
三、采用多元化评价
学生在完成学习任务后,教师给予评价,是为了给学生反馈,学生能从这种反馈中了解自己的知识结构是否存在缺陷、学习方法是否正确、是否需要调整学习目标等内容。为了让学生更客观地了解自己的学习情况,初中英语教师采用多种方式对学生进行评价,让学生了解自己的优势和劣势。
比如,教师在引导学生学习《Online travel》一课时,要求学生写作文,这名学生写的作文片段如下:
Page 12: accept the modification, pls. refer to latest model;
Page 13: update draft angle from 1deg to 3 deg, not 5 deg;
Page 14: update draft angle from 1 deg to 2 deg, 3 deg will effect assembly reliability;
Accept other proposal in DFM.
Pls. go ahead for soft tooling manufacture.
By the way, we need samples before June 2th, pls. share with us your manufacture plan.
教师可从文章的思想性、语法的正确性、语境的营造方法等多个方面进行评价,学生了解了自己的优点和缺点,就能有针对性地自主学习。这种多元化的评估方式,正是建立在尊重学生差异性的前提下的,能更有效地引导学生学习,学生学习的自主性就会得以提高。
在初中英语教学中,如果能重视学生的差异性,据此引导学生学习,学生的学习自主性就会得以提高,教师的教学效率也会得到提高。