本文将误诊为胸膜炎、营养性大细胞性贫血、暴发性流脑的小儿急性白血病3例报告如下。误诊为胸膜炎男患,5岁。发热、咳嗽一个月,于1985年3月30日入院。收院后经多次胸透、胸片,均诊断为右胸腔积液,纵隔障积液。入院后多次胸穿,胸水为草黄色。细胞数在64900～98600。胸水多次培养均未生长细菌和结核菌。颈部、腋下淋巴结肿大如黄豆和蚕豆大小。肝肿大肋下6cm。白细胞总数12.1×10~9～20.5×10~9/L(12100～20500/mm~3)。分类十余次(数个医院)均未检查出幼稚细胞或白血病细胞。颈部淋巴结活检诊为反应性炎症。住院半月后骨穿,回 This article will be misdiagnosed as pleurisy, nutritional large cell anemia, fulminant mycosis in children with acute leukemia reported in 3 cases. Misdiagnosed as male pleurisy, 5 years old. Fever, cough for a month, on March 30, 1985 admitted. After the hospital after multiple chest X-ray, chest radiograph, were diagnosed as right pleural effusion, mediastinal effusion. Many times after admission to wear chest, pleural fluid is grass yellow. Cell number 64900 ~ 98600. Pleural effusion did not grow many bacteria and tuberculosis bacteria. Neck, armpit lymph nodes such as soybeans and broad bean size. Liver enlargement ribs 6cm. The total number of white blood cells 12.1 × 10 ~ 9 ~ 20.5 × 10 ~ 9 / L (12100 ~ 20500 / mm ~ 3). More than ten times (several hospitals) did not check out naive or leukemic cells. Cervical lymph node biopsy was diagnosed as reactive inflammation. After half a month in hospital bone wear, back