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目的了解2009-2012年四川省高山亚型的血吸虫病流行区沟渠钉螺的分布及其变化情况。方法 2009年在西昌市选择10个自然村,采用系统抽样法对所选自然村的全部沟渠进行钉螺调查,用压碎法检查捕捉的全部钉螺,计数感染性钉螺数量,连续监测4年,分析2009-2012年调查点有螺框出现率的变化情况。结果 2009-2011年西昌市调查点的沟渠钉螺有螺框出现率逐年上升(χ2=126.19,P<0.05),2012年的有螺框出现率为29.426%小于2011年的有螺框出现率22.077%,两者差异有统计学意义(χ2=27.19,P<0.05)。钉螺分布与有无水流是相关的,有水的沟渠钉螺分布比无水沟渠多(χ2=9 065.76,P<0.05)。结论依靠药物灭螺的方法,易出现螺情的反复,应加强综合治理的力度,彻底改变钉螺的滋生环境,同时有水的沟渠应该作为防治的重点。
Objective To understand the distribution and changes of Oncomelania snails in the endemic area of schistosomiasis in Sichuan Province from 2009 to 2012. Methods In 2009, 10 natural villages were selected in Xichang City. All the ditches of the selected villages were surveyed by systematic sampling method. All captured snails were examined by crushing method. The number of infected snails was counted and monitored continuously for 4 years. 2012 survey point screw frame rate of change. Results The incidence of snail box in the ditch and cannon snail increased from year 2009 to 2011 (χ2 = 126.19, P <0.05). The incidence of snail box in 2012 was 29.426%, which was smaller than that of 2011 snail box was 22.077 %, The difference between the two was statistically significant (χ2 = 27.19, P <0.05). Snail distribution is related to the presence or absence of water flow, and there is more water on the snail than on the waterless canal (χ2 = 9 065.76, P <0.05). Conclusion Relying on the drug snail-killing method, the recurrence of snails is easy to occur. The intensity of comprehensive management should be strengthened to completely change the breeding environment for snails, and ditches with water should be the focus of prevention and treatment.