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目的为了增强对哺乳动物心肌窦房结细胞的深入认识,比较了近年来对兔窦房结细胞电生理特性的研究所建立的各类数学模型。方法利用C++源代码编写各类窦房结电生理参数模型。集中研究了各模型的动作电位波形、电生理参数(最大心舒张电位MDP,动作电位幅值APA,周期长度CL,上升沿速度UV)、离子电流、局部差异性和细胞内钙离子动力学。结果 Demir模型中MDP、APA、UV值显示出此模型可以很好地描述中心窦房结区域到周围窦房结区域过渡处的细胞,但其相对较小的CL表现出来的却是周围窦房结细胞的特性。Dokos模型有着明显的相对较长的自发性心舒张去极化期,其MDP、CL、UV值同样反映了过渡处细胞的电生理特性,而其较小的APA值却是典型的窦房结中心细胞的电生理特性值。Zhang模型能够分别反映窦房结中心细胞和周围细胞的电生理特性,与实验最为相符。Maltsev模型中除了MDP值比中心细胞实验值稍小外,其他参数均与实验值相符。结论各心肌窦房结模型均有其缺点,但Zhang等人建立的模型对窦房结细胞局部差异性得出了与实验最为相符的结论 ,而Maltsev等人建立的模型是迄今为止对细胞内钙离子瞬变过程描述最为详尽的模型。
OBJECTIVE In order to enhance the understanding of mammalian sinoatrial node cells, we compared various mathematical models established in recent years on the electrophysiological characteristics of rabbit sinoatrial node cells. Methods Using C + + source code to prepare various types of sinoatrial node electrophysiological parameters model. The action potential waveforms, electrophysiological parameters (maximal cardiac diastolic potential MDP, action potential amplitude APA, period length CL, rising edge speed UV), ion currents, local differences and intracellular calcium dynamics were focused on each model. Results The MDP, APA and UV values in the Demir model showed that this model can describe the cells in the transitional area from the central sinoatrial node to the surrounding sinus node. However, the relatively small CL shows the surrounding sinoatrial Junction cell characteristics. The Dokos model has a relatively long spontaneous ventricular diastolic and depolarization phase. The MDP, CL and UV values also reflect the electrophysiological characteristics of transitional cells, while the smaller APA value is typical of the sinoatrial node Electrophysiological properties of central cells. Zhang model can reflect the electrophysiological characteristics of the central and peripheral cells of the sinoatrial node, respectively, which is in good agreement with the experiment. Maltsev model in addition to the MDP value is slightly smaller than the central cell experimental values, other parameters are in line with the experimental value. Conclusion All models of cardiac sinus node have their own shortcomings. However, the model established by Zhang et al. Results in the most consistent conclusion with the experimental results. However, the model established by Maltsev et al. The most detailed model of calcium ion transients is described.