我省不同生态区进行的豆稻、豆间玉米稻、油稻稻和肥稻稻等复种制度的定位试验,据6个试验点5年的资料统计,农作物总生物量和经济产量均以油稻稻制最高,豆稻制最低。粗蛋白亩产量则以豆间玉米稻最高,豆稻制次之,这两种复种制分别比肥稻稻制高45.7％、30.8％。每亩净产值豆间玉米稻、油稻稻和豆稻制比肥稻稻制高27.3—38.3％。不同生态区农作物产量差别较大,以衡阳盆地最高,湘江中、下游丘陵区次之,雪峰山区和洞庭湖平原较低,这与气候等生态条件有密切的关系。 豆稻等水旱复种制,有利于土壤物理性状的改善,有利于土壤微生物的繁殖活动而提高土壤酶活性,从而增加了植物营养元素的释放,提高了施肥效果。因此,在稻田实行肥稻稻与多种形式的水旱复种制合理轮作,对于促进农田生态系统的良性循环,实现稳产、高产和提高经济效益等都有利。特别是适当发展豆间玉米稻加冬作物的复种制度,既能用地、养地结合,又能调整粮食结构,促进饲料工业和食品工业的发展。 我省自然条件优越,除高海拔的山区受气候条件的限制外,大部份地区适合一年三熟制的发展,特别是冬季油菜、大麦等作物的发展潜力很大,但要根据不同的自然生态条件,建立与其相适应的多层次的种植结构,不能搞一刀切。 根据试验,农作物的叶面积对产量的影响很大,? According to the data of 6 test points for 5 years, the total crop biomass and economic output of oilseeds in oilseeds, bean-bean maize, oilseed-rice and paddy rice in different ecological regions of our province are all measured by oil The highest rice system, the lowest bean system. Crude protein yield per mu was the highest among the soybean corn, bean followed by the second, the two kinds of seed production were higher than the fat rice 45.7%, 30.8%. The net output per acre of beans between corn, rice and bean is 27.3-38.3% higher than that of fat rice. The yields of crops in different ecological zones are quite different, with the highest in the Hengyang basin, the second in the hilly areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River, the lower in the Xuefeng Mountains and the Dongting Lake Plain, which is closely related to the ecological conditions such as climate. Multiple cropping of water and drought, such as bean and paddy, is conducive to the improvement of soil physical properties, is conducive to soil microbial propagation activities and improve soil enzyme activity, thereby increasing the release of plant nutrients and improve the fertilization effect. Therefore, it is beneficial to promote the virtuous cycle of farmland ecosystem, realize stable production, high yield and increase economic benefits by implementing paddy rice and various forms of alternate cropping of water and drought in paddy field. In particular, it is appropriate to develop a double cropping system in which beans and winter beans are used as winter crops in combination with land and land, and adjust the grain structure so as to promote the development of feed industry and food industry. In addition to the natural conditions in our province superior, in addition to high altitude mountain climate conditions, most of the area suitable for the development of three cooked a year, especially in winter rapeseed, barley and other crops have great potential for development, but according to different Natural and ecological conditions, and establish a multi-level planting structure compatible with them, can not do a one-size-fits-all. According to the experiment, the leaf area of ​​crops has great influence on the yield.