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柴油机往复运动部件的惯性力、燃烧压力的变化、扭矩变动以及由旋转运动部件的不平衡而引起的离心力等导致发动机产生振动。这些振动的合成,在机体上呈现出复杂的振动形态,而成为发动机部件破损的主要原因。本文在阐明两种振动形态—正弦波振动和随机振动的特点及其数学表达式的基础上,介绍了利用激振机模拟发动机振动,对其部件进行加速耐久试验的原理、方法和程序,并介绍了激振机的结构和使用方法,最后还列出了两个试验评价实例。
The inertial force of reciprocating components of a diesel engine, changes in combustion pressure, torque variations, centrifugal forces caused by imbalance of rotating components, and the like cause the engine to vibrate. The synthesis of these vibrations presents a complicated vibration pattern on the body, which becomes the main reason for the breakdown of engine parts. Based on the characteristics of vibration and random vibration of sine wave and their mathematical expressions, this paper introduces the principle, method and program of using exciting machine to simulate engine vibration and accelerate and endurance test of its components. The structure and using method of vibration exciter are introduced. Finally, two experimental evaluation examples are also listed.