在过去10年内,急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)患者的存活率已明显增加,但仍有约1/3的儿童和2/3的成人ALL患者将复发和抗药。这就需要有更有效的化疗药。研究发现,二羟蒽二酮(mitoxantrone)是有效的诱导缓解剂。其心脏毒性较小,结构上与蒽环类有关。本文报告使用二羟蒽二酮、长春新碱、强的松(MVP)联合化疗治疗复发和初治的难治性ALL的经验。病人及方法共治疗19例,男12、女7例,中位年龄35(15～79)岁。14例为ALL,其中9例为ALL复发(内有2例原来为急粒白血病,复发时具有ALL表型),5例为初治的难治性ALL,曾用过柔红霉素、长春新碱和强的松治疗无效;其余5例为TdT阳性的慢粒急变病例。所有病人在用MVP前已行1～4疗程的化疗,经标准的诱导化疗后骨髓有复发或白血病未缓解;肝肾功能正常;心功能正常,在过去6个月内无充血性心力衰竭和心肌梗 Survival has been markedly increased in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) over the past 10 years, but about one third of children and 2/3 of adults with ALL will relapse and become resistant. This requires more effective chemotherapy drugs. Studies have found that mitoxantrone is a potent inducer of remission. Its cardiotoxicity is small, structurally related to anthracyclines. This article reports the experience of treatment of relapsed and untreated ALL with dihydroxyanthranedione, vincristine, prednisone (MVP) and chemotherapy. Patients and methods were treated in 19 cases, 12 males and 7 females, the median age of 35 (15 to 79) years old. 14 cases were ALL, of which 9 cases of ALL relapse (2 cases of acute leukemia in the original, with ALL phenotype after recurrent), 5 cases of refractory ALL untreated, had used daunorubicin, Changchun Neo-alkali and prednisone treatment is invalid; the remaining 5 cases of TdT-positive cases of chronic myxoplasma. All patients underwent 1 to 4 cycles of chemotherapy before MVP, bone marrow recurrence or leukemia after standard induction chemotherapy did not relieve; liver and kidney function was normal; normal heart function, in the past 6 months without congestive heart failure and Myocardial infarction