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为了明确黑龙江省水稻品种资源稻瘟病抗性,挖掘优异种质资源,适时了解黑龙江省生理小种群体变化特征。采用中国生理小种命名方法,通过苗期喷雾接菌鉴定,将2013-2014年黑龙江省的稻瘟病菌株划分为7个群42个生理小种,优势小种为ZD5和ZD7,出现频率分别为19.77%和12.21%,总频率为31.98%;通过苗期抗病性表现,筛选出宽抗谱品种14份,这些品种携带2~7个抗稻瘟病基因,绥粳12+合江23(Pi9、Pi20、Pi33、Pi54、Pik)、牡丹江26+龙粳31(Pi9、Pi20、Pi33、Pi54、Pita、Pik)、牡丹江26+合江23(Pi9、Pi20、Pi33、Pi54、Pik)等29个在抗稻瘟病育种生产上将具有较好防病效果的组合,并且能够聚合多个抗性基因,提高抗性水平、拓宽抗谱;其中龙粳31与其他9个品种的配对组合均为最优组合,对稻瘟病具有较高抗性;这14份宽抗谱品种是抗稻瘟病育种较好的抗源材料;部分品种如垦稻15、龙粳23和牡丹江25,仅携带2个本研究鉴定的基因,这些品种可能是携带未知抗性基因的新抗源,可作为进一步鉴定和寻找抗性基因的试验材料。
In order to clarify the rice blast resistance of rice germplasm resources in Heilongjiang Province and to excavate the germplasm resources of superior germplasm, By using the method of naming Chinese Physiological Races, the blast strains of M. grisea from 2013 to 2014 in Heilongjiang Province were divided into seven groups and 42 physiological races. The dominant races were ZD5 and ZD7, the frequency of occurrence was 19.77% and 12.21%, respectively, with a total frequency of 31.98%. 14 strains of broad-spectrum resistant cultivars were screened out for disease resistance at seedling stage. These cultivars carried 2 to 7 blast resistance genes, Suijiang 12 + Hejiang 23 , Pi20, Pi33, Pi54, Pik), Mudanjiang 26 + Longjing 31 (Pi9, Pi20, Pi33, Pi54, Pita, Pik) In the blast resistance breeding production will have a good combination of disease-prevention effect, and be able to aggregate multiple resistance genes, improve the level of resistance, broaden the anti-spectrum; which Longjing 31 and other nine varieties of the pairing combination are the most The 14 broad-spectrum resistant cultivars were the best anti-blast materials for breeding, and some cultivars such as Kenao 15, Longjing 23 and Mudanjiang 25 contained only 2 cultivars Studies identified genes that may be new sources of resistance to unknown resistance genes and may be used as a marker to further identify and search for resistance genes Test material.