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双语教育是美国20世纪语言政策的主要特征。美国双语教育政策的制定和废除在很大程度上与联邦政府和整个美国社会对待移民的态度有关。美国20世纪的双语教育大体经历了三个时期,即双语教育限制期(1900-1950)、双语教育蓬勃发展期(1958-1980)、双语教育排斥期(1981-2002)。探究双语教育从被限制到发展,再到排斥,其原因主要是多语种存在的事实、60年代民权运动的冲击、多元文化思潮的挑战、英语中心主义以及昂格鲁-撒克逊文化趋同理念所致,其根本目的是为保护英语的中心地位和加强美国单元文化。
Bilingual education is the main feature of the 20th century language policy in the United States. The formulation and abolition of the U.S. bilingual education policy are largely related to the attitude of the federal government and the entire American society toward immigration. Bilingual education in the United States in the 20th century generally went through three periods, namely, the period of bilingual education restriction (1900-1950), the period of vigorous development of bilingual education (1958-1980) and the period of bilingual education exclusion (1981-2002). Exploring bilingual education from being restricted to development to exclusion is mainly due to the fact that multilingualism exists, the impact of the civil rights movement in the 1960s, the challenge of multiculturalism, the Anglo-Americanism and the convergence of the Anglo-Saxon culture , Its fundamental purpose is to protect the center of English and strengthen the United States unit culture.