清代文坛,出于各自的文学与政治目的,文人间交游广泛,且形式各异,内容多样。为自己的诗文集征索序跋文,是较为普遍的文人交往内容。尤其是初登文坛的后辈,问字求学于前贤师长,亟待得到文学前辈的认可,以提升自己于同辈学侣中的地位,并确立在后学门生中的声望。同时,文坛前贤也乐于借此博得奖掖后进的声誉,且“颇助于增强被乞者自我认 Literary circles in the Qing Dynasty, for their own literary and political purposes, were widely visited by literati and in various forms and varied in content. It is more common for scholars to collect postscript postscripts for their collection of poems. In particular, the literary descendants who first ascend to the literary arena are asked to study in the former teachers, who are urgently required to receive the approval of the literary predecessors in order to enhance their status among peers and to establish their prestige in later students. In the meantime, the former forerunner of the literary field is also willing to win over the reputations of rewards, and ”is quite helpful in enhancing the self-identification of beggars