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目的了解高血压主要相关影响因素,为采取有效的防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,抽取广州市东山区三条行政街六个居委,居民共540户。用面访询问调查获得15岁及以上居民的个人基本情况和高血压既往史,体检获得血压值。结果调查共测量血压1462人,其中高血压患者342人,高血压粗患病率为23.39%,标化后的患病率为13.62%,男性22.93%,女性23.80%。肥胖、高血脂、家族史是高血压主要的危险因素,其OR值及95%可信区间分别为:2.876(2.162～3.826),2.728(1.517～4.905),2.684(1.777～4.053)。结论广州市社区居民高血压患病现状不容乐观,肥胖、高血脂、家族史是高血压主要的危险因素。干预措施是加强健教宣传力度,合理膳食,开展全民健身运动。
Objective To understand the main influencing factors of hypertension and provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control measures. Methods A multistage random cluster sampling method was used to extract six neighborhoods of three administrative streets in Dongshan District, Guangzhou City, with a total of 540 residents. Interview with the survey asked to obtain personal information of 15-year-old and above individuals and the history of hypertension, blood pressure values obtained during the physical examination. Results A total of 1462 blood pressure patients were surveyed, including 342 hypertensive patients, crude hypertension prevalence rate of 23.39%, standardized prevalence rate of 13.62%, male 22.93%, female 23.80%. Obesity, hyperlipidemia and family history were the major risk factors of hypertension. The OR and 95% confidence intervals were 2.876 (2.162 ~ 3.826), 2.728 (1.517 ~ 4.905) and 2.684 (1.777 ~ 4.053), respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in community residents in Guangzhou is not optimistic. Obesity, hyperlipidemia and family history are the major risk factors for hypertension. Interventions are to strengthen the health education publicity efforts, a reasonable diet, to carry out national fitness exercise.