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[目的]调查上海市黄浦区3~6岁儿童家长在儿童乘车安全方面的行为和知识,了解儿童家长对安全座椅立法的知晓情况。[方法]采用自填式问卷调查的方法对黄浦区整群随机抽取的有车家庭1 119名3~6岁儿童家长开展调查,问卷主要内容包括儿童乘车行为、儿童安全座椅使用情况以及家长对儿童乘车安全知识及立法的知晓情况等。[结果]儿童乘车出行使用儿童安全座椅的占37.6%(421/1 119),使用汽车安全带的占33.2%(371/1 119),家长怀抱的占10.5%(118/1 119)。不同年龄组儿童乘车行为不同(χ~2=83.811,P=0.000),6岁组儿童使用汽车安全带的比例为43.2%(251/581)。不同乘车出行距离儿童乘车行为不同(χ~2=5.878,P=0.015),出行距离小于3 km的家庭,使用儿童安全座椅的比例为31.3%(72/230)。驾驶员佩戴安全带及家长对儿童乘车安全的认知正确者儿童安全座椅的使用率较高,分别是不佩戴安全带和认识错误者的2.604倍与6.744倍。儿童安全座椅立法知晓率为28.3%(317/1 119)。[结论]上海市黄浦区儿童乘车出行存在过早使用安全带、家长怀抱等不安全的乘车行为,儿童安全座椅使用率低。家长对儿童安全乘车行为及安全带的使用存在认知误区,儿童安全座椅立法知晓率低。
[Objective] To investigate the behaviors and knowledge of parents of children aged 3 ~ 6 in Huangpu District of Shanghai on the safety of child carriage and to understand the parents’ awareness of the safety seat legislation. [Methods] A total of 1 119 children aged 3 ~ 6 years old were selected from a random sample of car owners in Huangpu district to investigate the questionnaire. The main contents of the questionnaire included children’s riding behavior, child safety seat usage and Parents know the safety knowledge and legislation on children’s riding and so on. [Results] Childrens trips accounted for 37.6% (421/1 119) for child safety seats, 33.2% (371/1 119) for car seat belts and 10.5% (118/1 119) for parents, . Children in different age groups had different driving behaviors (χ ~ 2 = 83.811, P = 0.000). Children in the 6-year-old group had 43.2% (251/581) of car seat belts. Children traveling with different travel distances had different travel behaviors (χ ~ 2 = 5.878, P = 0.015) and those traveling less than 3 km had 31.3% (72/230) children’s safety seats. Drivers wearing seat belts and parents on the safety of children riding awareness of children’s safety seats are higher, respectively, are not wearing seat belts and misconduct 2.604 times and 6.744 times. The awareness of child safety seat legislation was 28.3% (317/1 119). [Conclusion] Children traveling in Huangpu District of Shanghai have unsafe travel behaviors such as premature use of seat belts and parents’ embrace, and low occupancy of child safety seats. Parents misunderstand children’s safe riding behavior and the use of seat belts, and the awareness of child safety seat legislation is low.