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以丙烯腈为单体,利用沸腾法制备了聚丙烯腈微球,并与一定浓度的盐酸羟胺溶液发生肟化反应,得到含有偕胺肟基的微球。系统地探讨和研究了pH值、反应物浓度、反应温度和时间等对聚丙烯腈微球肟化的影响。结果表明:聚丙烯腈微球在pH值为6～7,温度65～75℃,盐酸羟胺溶液浓度40 g/L,反应时间3.0 h时腈基转化率最高。进一步研究了含有偕胺肟基的聚丙烯腈微球在处理镀镍废液中的应用,改性后的含偕胺肟基团的微球用量为4.0 g时,可一次性处理电镀废液100 mL、累积处理300 mL的废液达国家排放标准。
Using acrylonitrile as monomer, polyacrylonitrile microspheres were prepared by boiling method and oximation reaction was carried out with a certain concentration of hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution to obtain the amidoxime-containing microspheres. The effects of pH value, reactant concentration, reaction temperature and time on the oximation of polyacrylonitrile microspheres were investigated systematically. The results showed that the nitrile group conversion of polyacrylonitrile microspheres was the highest at pH 6-7, temperature 65-75 ℃, hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution concentration 40 g / L and reaction time 3.0 h. The further research on the application of polyacrylonitrile microspheres containing amidoxime groups in the treatment of nickel-plating wastewater was carried out. When the amount of modified amidoxime-containing microspheres was 4.0 g, 100 mL, accumulate 300 mL of waste liquid up to the national emission standards.