目的:筛选建立激素性股骨头坏死模型的最佳激素。方法:SD大鼠随机分为空白组、甲基强的松龙(甲强龙)组、泼尼松龙组、地塞米松组,采用尾静脉注射内毒素2d后臀肌注射相应激素3d的方法建立股骨头坏死模型,观察造模后大鼠体质量变化,分别于造模4、8、12周检测骨组织形态学、骨组织病理学、股骨骨密度、骨生物力学及骨钙、磷含量。结果:与泼尼松龙组、地塞米松组相比,甲强龙组造模在破坏大鼠股骨头的骨组织形态、破坏骨小梁的排列结构、减少骨小梁面积的作用上更为明显;降低股骨骨密度的作用更显著持久;更能降低股骨最大弯曲载荷、最大弯曲位移、杨氏模量及骨钙、骨磷含量。结论:甲基强的松龙为激素性股骨头坏死的最佳造模激素。 Objective: To screen the best hormones for establishing the model of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis. Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, methylprednisolone (methylprednisolone) group, prednisolone group and dexamethasone group. The tail vein was injected endotoxin for 2 days, Methods The model of osteonecrosis of the femoral head was established. The changes of the body weight of rats were observed. The morphological changes of bone tissue, the histopathology of bone, the bone mineral density, bone biomechanics and bone calcium, phosphorus content. Results: Compared with prednisolone group and dexamethasone group, the model group of methylprednisolone had a significant effect on destroying the structure of rat femoral head, destroying the arrangement of trabecular bone and reducing the area of ​​trabecular bone As obvious; reduce the femur bone mineral density effect is more significant and lasting; can reduce the maximum bending load of the femur, maximum bending displacement, Young’s modulus and bone calcium, bone phosphorus content. Conclusion: Methylprednisolone is the best hormone for steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.