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免疫细胞之间、免疫细胞与细胞因子之间构成关系复杂的调节网络,通过正向激活和负向抑制作用维护免疫功能的稳定和平衡。近年来在器官移植领域对免疫抑制研究较为深入,临床上对抗移植排异的免疫抑制剂快速增长,其作用中心是T细胞相关受体和3条信号通路。研究发现电离辐射所致免疫抑制受体高表达与移植免疫抑制存在类似分子机制,解除其免疫抑制对辐射损伤免疫重建的作用值得探索。新的免疫激活剂提出通过TLR受体(Toll-like receptor)对抗辐射损伤发挥免疫促进作用也取得进展,探索新型免疫激活剂以及逆转免疫抑制对放射病免疫重建可以发挥重要作用。
Immune cells, immune cells and cytokines constitute a complex regulatory network between the positive and negative inhibition through the role of maintaining the stability and balance of immune function. In recent years, researches on immunosuppression in the field of organ transplantation are more in-depth, immunosuppressive agents against transplant rejection are rapidly increasing in clinic, and its role is centered on T cell-related receptors and three signaling pathways. The study found that ionizing radiation-induced high expression of immunosuppressive receptors and immunosuppressive transplantation there is a similar molecular mechanism, the lifting of immunosuppression on radiation-induced immune reconstitution is worth exploring. New immunostimulants have also been proposed to exert an immune-promoting effect against radiation-induced damage through the TLR receptor (Toll-like receptor). Exploring novel immunoactivators and reversing immunosuppression may play an important role in the immune reconstitution of radiation sickness.