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血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)可溶性受体(sFlt-1)是具有抗血管化作用的强力因子之一。新近发现其在正常角膜中亦有表达,并以高亲和中和抗体的形式与内源性VEGF-A结合,阻断其信号传导,抑制其促血管化作用。sFlt-1由Flt-1蛋白的胞外前6个结构域加上1个特异性31氨基酸尾部组成,是Flt-1的mRNA经交替拼接生成,且由于不存在跨膜区,sFlt-1以游离形式存在。在新生血管化角膜中,其含量及存在形式均发生改变,但其始动因素仍不明确。就近年有关sFlt-1的来源、存在形式、在角膜新生血管发生发展中的作用进展及可能的应用前景进行综述。
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) soluble receptor (sFlt-1) is one of the potent anti-angiogenic factors. Recently, it is also found in normal cornea, and binds to endogenous VEGF-A in the form of high-affinity neutralizing antibody, blocking its signal transduction and inhibiting its vascularization. sFlt-1 consists of the first 6 extracellular domain of Flt-1 protein plus one specific 31 amino acid tail, which is generated by the alternative splicing of Flt-1 mRNA. Because of the absence of transmembrane domain, sFlt-1 Free form exists. In the neovascularization cornea, its content and existing forms have changed, but the initial factors are still not clear. In recent years, the sources, existing forms of sFlt-1, its role in the development of corneal neovascularization and possible application prospects are reviewed.