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通过水溶液聚合法,采用尿素、丙烯酸、聚乙烯醇为原料,过硫酸钾为引发剂、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂合成高吸水尿素-聚乙烯醇-丙烯酸树脂。从吸液率、吸液速率、保水率等几方面对合成树脂进行了性能测定。研究通过单因素试验设计考察了影响树脂吸液率的因素,并得到了最佳条件:尿素质量用量0.8%,丙烯酸与聚乙烯醇质量比90/10,引发剂用量0.5%,交联剂用量0.04%,丙烯酸中和度70%,水用量300mL。在最佳合成条件下合成树脂的吸水倍率可达1635g/g、合成树脂的吸盐水倍率可达161g/g。通过红外光谱分析对产物结构进行了表征。
The superabsorbent urea-polyvinylalcohol-acrylic resin was synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization using urea, acrylic acid and polyvinyl alcohol as raw materials, potassium persulfate as initiator and N, N-methylenebisacrylamide as cross-linking agent. From the liquid absorption rate, liquid absorption rate, water retention and other aspects of the performance of synthetic resins were measured. The single factor experimental design was used to investigate the factors that affect the liquid absorption rate of resin. The optimal conditions were as follows: the amount of urea 0.8%, the mass ratio of acrylic acid to polyvinyl alcohol 90/10, the initiator 0.5%, the amount of crosslinking agent 0.04%, degree of neutralization of acrylic acid 70%, water consumption 300mL. Under the best synthetic conditions, the water absorption ratio of synthetic resin can reach 1635g / g, and the brine absorption rate of synthetic resin can reach 161g / g. The structure of the product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy.