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目的了解北京市儿童青少年糖尿病(DM)患病的流行特征并分析其在地区、性别和年龄的分布差异。方法以2004年3—10月北京地区6～18岁学龄儿童为研究对象,采用随机整群抽样方法抽取了北京市城乡7个区(县)19 593名在校中小学生。用空腹指末梢血糖进行DM筛查,根据1999年WHO的诊断标准进行DM(DM:空腹毛细血管全血血糖≥6.1 mmol/L)和空腹血糖受损(IFG:空腹毛细血管全血血糖≥5.6 mmol/L并<6.1 mmol/L)的诊断。结果总体DM和IFG年龄标化患病率分别为5.7‰和13.5‰,男性明显高于女性(7.7‰、3.6‰)。DM、IFG年龄标化患病率东城区最高,伴高肥胖率;而平谷县最低(8.9‰和27.4‰,2.0‰和7.5‰)。各区域之间DM患病率男、女性无明显差异,但男性IFG患病率东城区最高(P<0.0001)。总体DM患病率随年龄增长而增高;IFG患病率以10～14岁年龄组最高。男性DM和IFG发生率最高年龄组分别为15～18岁和10～14岁,女性均为10～14岁。结论北京市6～18岁儿童青少年DM及IFG存在较高流行率。
Objective To understand the prevalence of diabetes (DM) among children and adolescents in Beijing and to analyze the distribution differences among regions, sexes and ages. Methods A total of 19 593 primary and secondary school students from 7 districts (counties) in urban and rural areas of Beijing were enrolled in this study. School-aged children aged 6-18 years in Beijing from March to October in 2004 were selected as study subjects. DM with fasting peripheral blood glucose, DM according to the 1999 WHO diagnostic criteria (DM: fasting capillary blood glucose ≥ 6.1 mmol / L) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG: fasting blood capillary blood glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol / L and <6.1 mmol / L). Results The overall prevalence rates of DM and IFG in the population were 5.7 ‰ and 13.5 ‰ respectively, significantly higher in males than in females (7.7 ‰ and 3.6 ‰). DM, IFG The age-standardized prevalence in Dongcheng District was the highest with high obesity rates, while in Pinggu County it was the lowest (8.9 ‰ and 27.4 ‰, 2.0 ‰ and 7.5% o). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of DM between regions, but the prevalence of male IFG in Dongcheng District was the highest (P <0.0001). The overall prevalence of DM increased with age; the prevalence of IFG was highest in the 10-14 age group. The highest prevalence of DM and IFG in men was 15-18 years and 10-14 years, respectively, and women were 10-14 years old. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of DM and IFG among children aged 6-18 in Beijing.