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【目的】探讨miRNA-155在正常肺组织和非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及miRNA-155对人肺癌细胞A549增殖的影响。【方法】采用实时荧光定量PCR（Real-time PCR）技术检测15例非小细胞肺癌组织及其癌旁组织中miRNA-155的表达；A549细胞分别转染miR-NC和miRNA-155 mimic ，采用Real-time PCR技术检测转染后A549细胞中的miRNA-155表达水平，同时采用MTT 技术和流式细胞技术检测转染后A549细胞增殖情况，Western印迹法检测转染后A549细胞中Akt、p-Akt（Ser473）、p27、bcl-2、bax的表达。【结果】miRNA-155在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达情况明显高于癌旁组织（ P ＜0．05）；与转染 miR-NC 组相比， A549细胞转染miRNA-155 mimic后miRNA-155表达水平明显增高（ P ＜0．001），MTT实验和流式细胞技术显示miRNA-155促进A549细胞的增殖；Western印迹法结果显示：转染miRNA-155的A549细胞p-Akt （Ser473），bcl-2的表达水平增高，p27、bax的表达水平降低。【结论】miRNA-155可能通过促进细胞增殖，抑制细胞凋亡，上调p-Akt（Ser473）、bcl-2表达，同时抑制p27、bax的表达来促进非小细胞肺癌的发生发展。“,”[Objective] To explore the expression of miRNA-155 in normal lung tissue and non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) tissue as well as its impact on the proliferation of human lung cancer A 549 cell line .[Methods] Real-time polymerase chain reaction(real-time PCR) was used to detect miR-155 expression in 15 NSCLC tissues and the tissues adjacent to carcinoma .After A549 cells were transfected with miR-NC and miRNA-155 mimic respectively ,real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-155 in transfected A549 cells .Meanwhile MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the proliferation of A 549 cells after transfection .The expressions of Akt ,p-Akt(Ser473) ,p27 ,bcl-2 and bax in transfected A549 cells were de-tected by Western blotting .[Results] The expression of miRNA-155 in NSCLC tissue was significantly higher than that in the tissue adjacent to carcinoma ( P < 0 .05) .Compared with miR-NC group ,the expression of miRNA-155 in A549 cells after transfection with miRNA-155 mimic was obviously increased ( P < 0 .001) . MTT assay and flow cytometry revealed that miRNA-155 promoted the proliferation of A549 cells .Western blotting showed that the expressions of p-Akt(Ser473) and bcl-2 were increased and the expressions of p27 and bax in A549 cells after transfection with miRNA-155 were decreased .[Conclusion] The miR-155 may promote the occurrence and development of NSCLC through promoting cell proliferation ,inhibiting cell apoptosis ,up-regulating the expression of p-Akt(Ser473) and bcl-2 as well as down-regulating the expression of p27 and bax .