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作为海明威最著名的短篇小说,《乞力马扎罗山上的雪》描述了主人公哈里临近死亡时的内心挣扎,小说中各种意象的成功塑造使得小说具有了极强的艺术魅力。秃鹰,鬣狗,坏疽等一系列的事物突显了哈里受伤后的低落心境,尤其豹子这一意象在小说开始部分的出现更是与后来哈里的死亡形成了强烈对比。作为哈里理想人生的写照,豹子尸体与哈里死亡的前后呼应为小说增添了一份庄严。鬣狗又恰恰象征着哈里腐朽堕落的状态,伴随着鬣狗的出现,小说中的死亡这一主题也得以加深。作为小说题目的“乞力马扎罗山上的雪”也具有着一定的象征意义。哈里渴望登上山的顶峰,那里是他遗失的精神家园,而最后的梦境也象征着哈里精神的不朽。透过这些不同的意象,可以看到主人公在生与死的边缘徘徊时的矛盾心情,虽然死亡在这些意象中显得格外凝重,然而,在小说结尾处,在乞力马扎罗雪山的映衬之下,哈里最终超越生死,灵魂得以升华。
As Hemingway’s most famous short story, “Snow on Mount Kilimanjaro” describes the inner struggles of the protagonist Harry near death. The successful shaping of all kinds of images in the novels makes the novel extremely artistic charm. A series of things such as vultures, hyenas and gangrenous accentuated Harry’s mood of depression after being wounded. In particular, the appearance of the image of a leopard in the beginning of the novel was in stark contrast to the later Death of Harry. As a portrayal of Harry’s ideal life, echoes of the leopard’s body and Harry’s death echoed the solemnity of the novel. Hyena is precisely the symbol of Harry’s decadent state, accompanied by the emergence of hyenas, the theme of death in the novel has also deepened. As the title of the novel, “snow on Kilimanjaro” also has certain symbolic meanings. Harry was eager to ascend to the summit of the mountain, where he lost his spiritual home, and the final dream symbolizes the immortality of Harry’s spirit. Through these different images, we can see the ambivalence of the protagonist wandering on the edge of life and death. Although death is particularly daunting in these images, at the end of the novel, against the backdrop of Kilimanjaro’s snow-capped mountains , Harry finally surpass life and death, the soul can be sublimated.