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目的:探讨不同喂养方式对早产儿营养状况及生长发育的影响。方法:将63例早产低出生体重儿(出生体重1250～2150g)分为自吮奶组和胃管喂养组,后者根据是否辅以非营养性吸吮随机分为单纯胃管喂养组和非营养性吸吮组,所有早产儿均采用同一种配方奶粉喂养,记录喂养2周后早产儿生长发育指标的变化及恢复出生体重的时间;记录奶量、热能、鼻胃管留置时间。结果:自吮奶组和非营养性吸吮组恢复出生体重时间较单纯胃管喂养组显著缩短(P<0.05);1周后自吮奶组体重增加明显高于单纯胃管喂养组和非营养性吸吮组,2周龄时身长明显增加,差异有显著性(P<0.05);非营养性吸吮组鼻胃管留置时间缩短了5天。结论:若早产儿消化道能适应胃肠道营养,应尽早给予奶瓶喂养;对吸吮、吞咽功能不协调者,在鼻胃管喂养期间辅以非营养性吸吮是一种适宜的辅助喂养方法。
Objective: To investigate the effects of different feeding methods on nutritional status and growth and development of premature infants. Methods: 63 preterm low birth weight children (birth weight 1250 ~ 2150g) were divided into self sucking group and gastric tube feeding group, the latter were randomly divided into simple gastric tube feeding group and non - nutritive group Sex sucking group, all preterm infants were fed with the same formula, record changes in the growth and development of preterm infants after 2 weeks of feeding and the time to restore birth weight; record milk, heat, nasogastric tube indwelling time. Results: The body weight of sucking milk group and non-nutritive sucking group was significantly shorter than that of simple gastric tube feeding group (P <0.05). After 1 week, the weight gain of self- sucking group was significantly higher than that of simple gastric tube feeding group and non-nutritive group Sex sucking group, 2 weeks old, the length increased significantly, the difference was significant (P <0.05); non-nutritive sucking group nasogastric tube shortened for 5 days. Conclusion: If the digestive tract of premature infants can adapt to the nutrition of the gastrointestinal tract, feeding should be given as soon as possible. For the incompatible function of sucking and swallowing, supplementation with non-nutritive sucking during nasogastric tube feeding is a suitable supplementary feeding method.