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目的通过内蒙古自治区医院血液科住院患者分离的210株病原菌特点及其耐药性情况分析,为临床预防、控制感染和合理用药提供参考。方法药敏试验采用MH平板K-B法,按照NCCLS药敏试验纸片扩散法标准操作和结果判定,采用WHONET-5分析结果。结果210株病原菌,革兰阳性菌78株,占病原菌的37.1%;革兰阴性菌103株,占病原菌的49.0%。在血液标本中凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌达56.6%;常见的病原菌中,铜绿假单胞菌耐药率最高,头孢类的耐药率高达80%以上,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的耐苯唑西林菌株却达38.7%,未发现耐万古霉素菌株。结论血液病患者易于引起一些条件致病菌的感染,尤其凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌极易侵入。为了合理用药,应及时采集标本送检,以有效地控制感染。
Objective To investigate the characteristics and drug resistance of 210 pathogenic bacteria isolated from inpatient department of hematology in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and provide reference for clinical prevention, control of infection and rational drug use. Methods The drug susceptibility test was performed by the MH plate K-B method according to the standard operation and result determination of NCCLS susceptibility test disk diffusion method. The results were analyzed by WHONET-5. Results 210 strains of pathogens, 78 gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 37.1% of pathogens; gram-negative bacteria 103 strains, accounting for 49.0% of pathogenic bacteria. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus reached 56.6% in blood samples. Of the common pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the highest rate of resistance, and cephalosporins resistant rate was as high as 80%. Staphylococcus oxacillin resistant strains of coagulase-negative staphylococcus But reached 38.7%, no vancomycin-resistant strains were found. Conclusion Hematological diseases are prone to some opportunistic infections, especially coagulase-negative staphylococci. In order to rational use of drugs, samples should be promptly sent for submission to effectively control the infection.