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目的评估社区休闲教育对老年脑中风患者预后的影响,为提高老年中风患者的生活质量提供参考。方法应用随机对照研究的原则,在社区选取符合纳入和排除标准的62例脑中风患者为研究对象,随机分为休闲组33例,对照组29例。休闲组患者每周在家接受1次休闲教育计划,持续8~12周。对照组患者以相同的频率在家接受随访,但不接受休闲教育。在干预前后由社区工作者对两组病例生活质量进行评估,主要内容包括干预前后的生活变化:每天休闲活动时间、休闲活动次数、休闲满意量表、个人休闲模式、总体幸福感量表(GWBS)、流行病学研究中心抑郁量表以及中风获得性疾病损伤模式脑卒中适用疾病影响问卷(SA-SIP30)。结果休闲教育后,休闲组患者主动活动时间([58.9±20.4)min/d]、被动活动时间([59.8±18.6)min/d]明显长于对照组[分别为(44.9±24.0)、(47.8±30.4)min/d],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05)。休闲组干预后抑郁症状、SA-SIP30和GWBS较对照组干预后明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论在社区有专业工作者指导的休闲教育活动对改善中风后患者对休闲活动的参与性,提高患者休闲的满意度和减少抑郁是一种有效的方式。
Objective To evaluate the impact of community leisure education on the prognosis of elderly patients with stroke and provide a reference for improving the quality of life of elderly stroke patients. Methods According to the principle of randomized controlled study, 62 stroke patients who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into the leisure group of 33 cases and the control group of 29 cases. Leisure group patients receive a home-based leisure education program once a week for 8 to 12 weeks. Patients in the control group were followed up at home at the same frequency but did not receive recreational education. The quality of life of the two groups was evaluated by community workers before and after the intervention. The main contents included the changes of life before and after the interventions: the daily leisure time, the number of leisure activities, the leisure satisfaction scale, the personal leisure pattern, the overall happiness scale ), The Epidemiology Research Center Depression Scale and the Stroke-Appropriate Disease Impact Questionnaire for the Stroke-Acquired Disease Injury Model (SA-SIP30). Results After leisure education, the active time ([58.9 ± 20.4] min / d] and passive activity time (59.8 ± 18.6 min / d) in leisure group were significantly longer than those in control group [44.9 ± 24.0 and 47.8 ± 30.4) min / d], the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01, P <0.05). After depression, the symptoms of depression in SA group were significantly improved after intervention with SA-SIP30 and GWBS, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01, P <0.05). Conclusions Leisure education activities guided by professional workers in the community are an effective way to improve patients’ participation in leisure activities after stroke, improve their leisure satisfaction and reduce their depression.