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伯林以一位政治哲学家兼思想史家的独特视角,对政治哲学思想演进的过程进行了批判性审视,从而得出了贯穿其思想始终的一条主线,这条主线即是价值多元论,伯林的所有著作都是由这样一个具有巨大颠覆力的观念贯穿并使之获得生命力。本文基于伯林价值多元论的思想来源、理论依托及其核心要义,探讨它与伯林自己提出的著名的“两种自由概念”之间的关系,并着重讨论伯林价值多元论与自由主义的相容性问题,同时论述了伯林对价值多元主义自由观的论证,指出其理论存在的内在张力及问题。
With a unique perspective of a political philosopher and historian of thought, Berlin critically examines the evolution of political philosophy and thus derives a main line that runs through his thinking. This main line is the theory of value pluralism. All of the writings are run through and give vitality to such a vastly subversive concept. Based on the sources of Berlin’s theory of value pluralism and its core essentials, this article explores the relationship between Berlin’s famous “two concepts of freedom” and his own theory of value pluralism and discusses the relationship between Berlin’s pluralism of values and liberalism At the same time, it expounds Berlin’s argumentation on the concept of freedom of value pluralism and points out the inherent tension and problems of his theory.