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执行异议本质上是一种救济方式,从性质上可分为实体异议和程序异议。提出程序异议的目的在于变更或撤销执行人员的违法和不当执行行为,避免因执行方法、措施、具体执行程序等违法侵害当事人、利害关系人程序上的利益(终极目的是纠正执行程序本身的瑕疵)。民事诉讼法第二百二十五条规定的对违法执行行为提出的执行异议均系程序上的事项,不涉及实体权利义务问题。而实体异议则是为了对抗或消除因强制执行特定财产侵害到案外人实体法上的权利,保护第三人对执行标的物依法享有的实体权利(终极目的是排除、阻止对特定标的物的执行)。民事诉讼法第二百二十七条规定的案外人对执行标的提出的执行异议是基于其对执行标的物享有实体权利,涉及实体权利义务问题,属于实体上的执行救济。
The implementation of opposition is essentially a form of relief, which can be divided into substantive objections and procedural objections in nature. The purpose of raising procedural objection is to change or revoke the illegal and improper execution of enforcement personnel and avoid the procedural interests of the parties concerned or the interested parties due to the implementation of measures, measures and specific implementation procedures (the ultimate aim is to correct flaws in the enforcement procedure itself ). The execution objections raised in Article 225 of the Code of Civil Procedure are all procedural issues that do not involve substantive rights and obligations. The objection of the entity is to oppose or eliminate the infringement on the substantive rights of the non-resident due to the enforcement of the specific property, and to protect the third party’s legal rights of the entities subject to enforcement of the subject matter (the ultimate goal is to exclude or prevent the execution of the specific subject matter ). The implementation of the objection to the execution of the subject matter stipulated in Article 227 of the Civil Procedure Law is based on the substantive right of entities to perform the subject matter and the substantive rights and obligations of entities involved in the execution of the subject matter, which are substantive enforcement remedies.