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选用平均分布于水稻基因组的2 4对SSR引物,对沿河分布最长的广西武宣濠江流域的12个普通野生稻居群343份材料的遗传结构进行研究。结果表明:(1)该地普通野生稻遗传多样性丰富。2 4个位点共检测到2 0 6个等位变异,平均等位变异数A =8 70 83,有效等位变异数Ae =3 7117;(2 )该地普通野生稻居群具有较高的遗传分化和一定频率的基因流。群体遗传分化系数Gst=0 2 6 5 9,基因流Nm =0 6 90 1,表明2 6 5 9%的遗传变异存在于居群间;(3)SSR标记使普通野生稻居群中一些稀有等位变异得以显现。2 0 6个等位变异中,6 5个等位变异仅出现在1个或2个居群中,且频率较低,其中12个等位变异只出现在居群B中;(4)通过聚类分析和主坐标分析(PCO) ,下游居群A和B遗传关系较近,中游居群C比较独特,单独成为一类,中游居群D、E、F和G遗传关系较近,中游居群H、I和J及上游居群K和L遗传关系较近。根据上述分析结果,建议对濠江下游和中游具有代表性的居群(即居群B、D和H)的普通野生稻进行重点保护。
A total of 24 pairs of SSR primers distributed evenly in the genome of rice were used to study the genetic structure of 343 accessions of 12 populations of Oryza rufipogon in Guangxi Wuxuan Haojiang River valley, which is the longest distributed in the river. The results showed that: (1) The common wild rice in this area is rich in genetic diversity. A total of 206 alleles were detected in 24 loci, with the average number of alleles A = 8 70 83 and the number of effective alleles Ae = 3 7117; (2) The genetic differentiation and a certain frequency of gene flow. Gst = 0 2 6 5 9, Nm = 0 6 90 1, which indicated that 26.59% of the genetic variation existed among the populations. (3) SSR markers could make some wild populations of O. japonica Allelic variation can be revealed. Of the 260 alleles, 65 alleles were found in only one or two populations with low frequency, of which 12 alleles only appeared in population B; (4) Cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCO) showed that the genetic relationships of downstream populations A and B were relatively close. The middle population C was relatively unique and became a single class. The genetic relationships among populations D, E, F and G in the middle reaches were relatively close. Population H, I and J and upstream populations K and L are closely related. Based on the above analysis, it is recommended that Oryza rufipogami be protected from common wild rice populations of the lower and middle reaches of Haojiang (ie populations B, D and H).