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由于传感器节点能量有限且不易更换,故能量效率一直是制约传感网生存周期的重要因素。构建一种基于势博弈的拓扑控制(potential game topology control,PGTC)模型,将最短潜在寿命和节点度取值分别作为首要、次要效用函数。节点调整自身的发射功率,降低反向链路集中潜在寿命最短节点的发射功率,延长其潜在寿命,同时控制节点度取值以减小链路平均跳数和总能耗。理论分析可知,PGTC模型属于序数势博弈,存在纳什均衡,且纳什均衡点即为帕累托最优解。仿真表明,PGTC模型相较于其他基于博弈论的拓扑控制算法,网络总能耗更低,并且能量均衡性更强。
Due to the limited energy of the sensor nodes and difficult to replace, energy efficiency has always been an important factor restricting the life cycle of the sensor network. A potential game topology control (PGTC) model based on potential games is constructed, taking the shortest potential life and node degree values as the primary and secondary utility functions respectively. The node adjusts its own transmit power, reduces the transmission power of the shortest potential node in the reverse link, prolongs its potential lifetime, and controls the degree of nodes to reduce the average link hops and total energy consumption. The theoretical analysis shows that the PGTC model belongs to the game of ordinal potential, and there exists Nash equilibrium, and the Nash equilibrium point is the Pareto optimal solution. The simulation shows that compared with other topology control algorithms based on game theory, the PGTC model has lower total energy consumption and better energy balance.