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以体外培养的人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞为材料,在用扫描和透射电镜观察细胞衰老过程中超微结构变化的同时,动态观察黄芪抗细胞衰老效应。结果表明,体外培养人胚肺二倍体成纤维细胞成活至52代,而含0.2%黄芪制取液的培养基使细胞成活至77代。扫描电镜下可见细胞随增龄而由扁平长梭形变为圆球形,伪足、微绒毛递增,细胞胞体变小,细胞凹陷增多且逐步加深。透射电镜显示细胞增龄变化主要为细胞核逐渐变小,核进行性凹陷加深,核膜从部分融合到全部崩解;异染色质渐增,而常染色质递减;核仁变小且疏松;线粒体减少,嵴少,基质凝聚,肿胀,空泡化;粗面内质网减少,脱粒,游离核糖核蛋白体增多;高尔基复合体减少,其囊泡排列紊乱且肿胀;溶酶体递减;脂褐质递增.黄芪组细胞衰老过程中细胞器的变化与上述非黄芪组细胞的衰老变化规律基本相同;但其改变程度显然较轻,变化速率相对缓慢.特别是黄芪组细胞之高尔基复合体、中心体特别发达,虽细胞已衰老而它们却不甚衰老.研究证明黄芪具抗衰延寿的良好效应,以其做为抗衰老延寿命的药物值得高度重视和大力开发.
Human embryonic lung diploid fibroblasts cultured in vitro were used as materials to observe the anti-cell senescence effect of astragalus while observing the ultrastructural changes during cell senescence by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that in vitro culture of human embryo lung diploid fibroblasts survived to 52 generations, while medium containing 0.2% astragalus made the cells survive to 77 generations. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the cells changed from flat spindle to spheroid with increasing age, pseudopodia, microvilli increased, the cell body became smaller, cell depression increased and gradually deepened. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the changes of cell aging were mainly that the nucleus gradually became smaller, the nucleus progressive depression deepened, the nuclear membrane collapsed from partial fusion to complete disintegration; heterochromatin increased, while the number of euchromatin decreased; nucleolus became smaller and loose; mitochondria Reduced, less crest, matrix cohesion, swelling, vacuolization; rough endoplasmic reticulum decreased threshing, free ribosomal protein increased; reduced Golgi complex, the vesicle disordered and swollen; lysosomal decrease; fat brown The change of organelles in the process of cell aging of Astragalus membranaceus was basically the same as that of the above-mentioned non-Astragalus cells, but its changing degree was obviously lighter and its rate of change was relatively slow, especially the changes of Golgi complex, centrosome Particularly developed, although the cells have been aging and they are not very aging.Studies have shown that astragalus with good anti-longevity effect, with its anti-life-extending drugs deserves the attention and vigorously developed.