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实证科学以具体性、经验性、精确性、可检验性为其认识论、方法论特点,哲学以抽象性或思辨性、丰富性或歧义性、难以检验性为其认识论、方法论特点。实证科学与哲学在认识论和方法论上由相互渗透走向辩证综合:哲学家不再贬斥科学的功利与浅薄,科学研究出现哲学化现象。于是,哲学研究科学化趋势和科学研究哲学化趋势齐长共进。
Empirical science, with its specificity, experience, accuracy and testability as its epistemological and methodological features, is characterized by its epistemology and methodology by its abstractness or speculativeness, richness or ambiguity, and difficult testability. In the epistemology and methodology, empirical science and philosophy move from mutual penetration to dialectical synthesis: philosophers no longer denigrate the utilitarian and superficial nature of science, and the philosophical phenomena in scientific research. Thus, the trend of philosophical research philosophy and philosophical trend of scientific research together.