人类免疫系统的发育始于胚胎早期,到出生时尚有一些免疫细胞和分子处于数量逐渐增多,功能逐渐完善的过程。免疫系统的成熟不足很可能是新生儿易患重症感染,对治疗反应较差的一个重要原因。为了做好新生儿的医疗保健,避免宫内外感染,改进治疗措施,了解并熟悉免疫系统的发育、成熟过程及其功能特点至为重要。本文将从胎儿与母体免 The development of the human immune system begins in the embryo early, to the birth of a number of immune cells and molecules in an increasing number of gradual improvement of the process. Mature immune system is likely to be neonatal susceptible to severe infections, poor response to treatment is an important reason. In order to do a good job in the newborn’s medical care, to avoid intrauterine and external infections, to improve treatment, to understand and be familiar with the immune system development, maturation process and its functional characteristics are of paramount importance. This article will be free from fetuses and maternal