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针对星云湖径流区花青蒜施肥过量及施肥方法不合理,易导致养分流失,增加农业面源污染负荷,不但不能进一步提高产量,而且不利于星云湖水的治理和保护的实际问题,采用田间试验方法,从施肥对青蒜的产量、养分吸收量及肥料利用率方面开展了相关试验研究。结果表明,施N270~540 kg/hm2之间,产量差异显著,以施N 405 kg/hm2的产量最高(42 560 kg/hm2),植株吸N量也最高,N肥吸收利用率达19.5%,比施N 540 kg/hm2的11.2%提高8.3个百分点;施磷肥与不施磷肥间产量及植株吸P量的差异较小,施P2O515~30 kg/hm2之间的P肥吸收利用率为8.9%~17.4%之间。以基肥+3次追肥的施肥方法的氮肥和磷肥的吸收利用率最高(各为19.0%和12.7%),分别比只施3次追肥(常规施肥法)提高3.2及6.2个百分点,因此青蒜产量最高。提出了以施肥量N 375~450 kg/hm2、P2O530~45 kg/hm2、K2O 60~75 kg/hm2,采用基肥+3次施肥的控肥技术,并已应用于大面积青蒜生产上,节本增效明显。
In view of the unreasonable fertilization and excessive fertilization of Galapaginus in the runoff area of Xingyun Lake, it is easy to cause nutrient loss and increase the load of agricultural non-point source pollution. It not only can not further increase the yield, but also is not conducive to the practical problems in the management and conservation of Xingyun Lake. , From fertilization on the yield of garlic, nutrient uptake and fertilizer utilization aspects of the relevant experimental study. The results showed that there was significant difference in yield between N270 and 540 kg / hm2. The highest N uptake rate was N525 kg / hm2 (42 560 kg / hm2) and N uptake rate was 19.5% , 8.3% higher than that of 11.2% of N 540 kg / hm2. The difference between the yield of P application and that of non-application P fertilizer and the P uptake rate of the plant was small. The P absorption and utilization rate of P2O515 ~ 30 kg / hm2 was 8.9% ~ 17.4% between. The basal fertilizer +3 topdressing fertilizers had the highest absorption and utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer (19.0% and 12.7% respectively), which was 3.2 and 6.2 percentage points higher than the top dressing only (conventional fertilizer application method) highest. The fertilization technology with N 375 ~ 450 kg / hm2, P2O530 ~ 45 kg / hm2, K2O 60 ~ 75 kg / hm2 and fertilizer with basal fertilizer + 3 times was put forward and applied to the production of large area garlic The synergy is obvious.