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目的了解甘肃省白银市市售食品中常见食源性致病菌的污染状况及分布,确定高危食品类别,为食品安全风险评估提供科学依据。方法从白银市各监测点的农贸市场、餐饮单位(大、中、小型饭店)、超市、零售店、小吃店等采集样品,采样严格按照国家标准采样技术规范要求进行,按照《食源性致病菌监测工作手册》规定的程序和方法检测分离致病菌。结果 1 385份18类食品样品中共检出致病菌110株,总检出率为7.94%;检出金黄色葡萄球菌32株、检出率为2.47%,蜡样芽胞杆菌61株、检出率为10.17%,单核细胞增生李斯特菌11株、检出率为1.07%,沙门氏菌1株、检出率为0.08%,铜绿假单胞菌5株、检出率为22.73%;其中生奶和乳粉中致病菌检出率最高,其次是桶装饮用水、即食非发酵豆制品、地方食品米面和婴幼儿配方粉,果蔬类、城市流动早餐、水产品、冷冻饮品、蛋制品、速冻米面、鲜榨果汁、节令食品中未检出致病菌,不同类型采样地点食源性致病菌检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=24.383,P<0.05),不同年份食源性致病菌检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2=7.283,P>0.05)。结论白银市市售食品受食源性致病菌污染较为严重,应采取有效的控制措施,加强食品卫生监督管理,减少食物中毒及食源性疾病发生。
Objective To understand the pollution status and distribution of common food-borne pathogens in the commercial products of Baiyin City, Gansu Province and to identify the categories of high-risk foods and provide a scientific basis for food safety risk assessment. Methods Sampling samples were collected from farmers’ markets, catering establishments (large, medium and small restaurants), supermarkets, retail stores and snack bars in all the monitoring sites in Baiyin City. Sampling was conducted in strict accordance with the sampling requirements of national standard. According to “ Pathogen monitoring manual ”provides the procedures and methods for the detection of isolated pathogens. Results A total of 110 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 1 385 samples of 18 kinds of foodstuffs, with a total detection rate of 7.94%. Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 32 strains with a detection rate of 2.47% and 61 strains of B.subtilis. The rate was 10.17%, 11 strains of Listeria monocytogenes, the detection rate was 1.07%, Salmonella 1 strain, the detection rate was 0.08%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 5 strains, the detection rate was 22.73% Milk and milk powder in the highest detection rate of pathogens, followed by bottled drinking water, instant non-fermented soybean products, local food rice and infant formula, fruits and vegetables, urban mobile breakfast, aquatic products, frozen drinks, egg products (Χ2 = 24.383, P <0.05), and different sources of foodborne pathogens in different years (χ2 = 24.383, P <0.05) There was no significant difference in the detection rate of sexual pathogens (χ2 = 7.283, P> 0.05). Conclusion The commercial food in Baiyin City is more seriously polluted by food-borne pathogens. Effective control measures should be taken to strengthen food hygiene supervision and management to reduce food poisoning and food-borne diseases.