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清朝康熙时期文字狱盛行,部分清初士子为避时祸,纷纷采取“明哲保身”的修身哲学,朱彝尊即是其中之一。“明哲保身”本来是一种劝人导善,积极入世的修身方式,但在王朝更替、社会动荡的时代背景下,士人学者却将之转化为消极苟安的处世态度。“明哲保身”涵义的变迁可以折射出满清文化统制政策对于士子学人的治学倾向及意识形态转变所产生的重大影响。
During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the literary genre prevailed. Some scholars in the early Qing dynasty took the self-cultivation philosophy of “protecting the spirit and protecting themselves” in order to avoid misfortune. Zhu Yizun was one of them. “Mind and Body” is a self-cultivation way to persuade people to lead well and actively join the WTO. However, scholars and scholars in the era of dynastic change and social turmoil turned it into a passive attitude towards life. The change of the meaning of “protecting the body and protecting the body” can reflect the significant influence of the policy of Manchu culture control on the scholarship and the ideological transformation of the scholars.