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早期西方元伦理学遵循语言分析的路径,致力于探索道德语言的语义和逻辑特征,对价值判断(特别是道德判断)的内容和形式作出了非常全面的分析,并发展了直觉主义、情感主义、规定主义和描述主义这四个主要流派。在其后期的发展过程中,除了继续丰富完善原有的成果之外,西方元伦理学家日益关注道德性质、道德事实的本体论地位和道德认知的问题,逐渐形成道德实在论与反实在论两个流派。在这百余年间,西方元伦理学家始终以“事实—价值”问题为核心,不断拓宽研究视角,各个流派在争鸣中相互影响、相互借鉴,从而使得西方元伦理学越来越富有生机和活力。
Early Western meta-ethics followed the path of linguistic analysis and devoted itself to exploring the semantic and logical features of moral language, making a very comprehensive analysis of the content and form of value judgments (especially moral judgments), and developing intuitionism, sentiment , Prescriptiveism and descriptiveism are the four main schools. In its later development process, in addition to continuing to enrich and perfect its original achievements, western meta-ethnologists are increasingly concerned about the nature of morality, the ontological status of moral facts and the problems of moral cognition, and gradually form the theories of moral realism and anti-realism On two genres. During these 100 years, western meta-ethicists have always focused on the issue of “fact - value ” and constantly broadened the research perspective. All schools in the debate resonated with and learned from each other, thus making the western meta-ethics more and more Lively and energetic.