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为了揭示三峡水库消落带淹没前后土壤微生物生态分布和优势菌群,从三峡水库消落带万州段6个采样区25个采样点采集土样,测定其含水率和细菌、放线菌、真菌的数量,并用传统形态分类法鉴定土样中的优势放线菌和真菌。结果发现,淹没前0~20 cm土层中的细菌、放线菌和微生物总量比20~40 cm土层的高,但差异不显著(P>0.05);0~20 cm土层中的真菌数量明显多于20~40 cm土层,差异显著(P<0.05);细菌、放线菌和微生物总量与含水率呈一定正相关性,真菌与含水率呈一定的负相关性,但相关性均不显著(P>0.05)。淹没后土壤中微生物总量比淹没前有所下降,但差异不显著(P>0.05);而细菌和真菌数量比淹没前明显减少,差异显著(P<0.05);放线菌比淹没前有所增加,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。已从三峡水库消落带土壤中初步鉴定出优势真菌5属4种,放线菌4属。试验结果表明,三峡水库消落带淹没前后土壤微生物的生态分布有所变化,淹没后土壤微生物基本能得到恢复。
In order to reveal the distribution of soil microbes and their dominant microflora in the fluctuating zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir before and after submergence, soil samples were collected from 25 sampling points in six sampling areas in the Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir, and their moisture content, bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi The number of dominant actinomycetes and fungi in soil samples were identified by traditional morphological classification. The results showed that the total amount of bacteria, actinomycetes and microorganisms in 0-20 cm soil layer before inundation was higher than that in 20-40 cm soil layer, but the difference was not significant (P> 0.05). In 0-20 cm soil layer The number of fungi was significantly higher than that of 20-40 cm soil layer (P <0.05). The total amount of bacteria, actinomycetes and microorganisms had a positive correlation with the water content, while the fungi had a negative correlation with the water content The correlation was not significant (P> 0.05). The total amount of microorganisms in soils after inundation decreased slightly, but the difference was not significant (P> 0.05). However, the number of bacteria and fungi decreased significantly compared with that before inundation (P <0.05) Increased, but the difference was not significant (P> 0.05). Four genera of 5 genera of dominant fungi and 4 genera of actinomycetes have been preliminarily identified from soil in the hydro-fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir. The results showed that the ecological distribution of soil microorganisms changed before and after the fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir was submerged, and the soil microorganisms basically recovered after inundation.