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【目的】探寻降低喀什石榴裂果率的措施,以提高其商品性。【方法】以6年生喀什噶尔甜石榴为试材,研究间作、套袋、喷施CaCl2和激素、树盘覆盖及土壤负压等对裂果的影响。【结果】果实膨大期果面喷GA3可显著降低裂果率,GA3较CK可降低裂果率近20%,GA3各浓度间无差异;果面喷20mg/LNAA的裂果率高于CK并与GA3差异显著,其余浓度与GA3间均无差异。果实膨大期树冠喷施CaCl2溶液有利于降低裂果率,可降低7%左右。树盘覆草、覆膜对降低成熟期石榴裂果率有一定效果,其中覆膜的效果较好,可降低裂果率近9%。套袋可较CK降低裂果率7.4%。不同间作物对石榴裂果的影响略有不同。初步认为64kPa是石榴裂果明显增加的土壤负压阈值,在出现裂果之前将土壤负压控制在64kPa以下有利于控制裂果。【结论】果实膨大期果面喷GA3可显著降低裂果率,果面喷NAA亦可降低裂果率,但其效果明显逊于GA3;果实膨大期树冠喷施CaCl2溶液可降低裂果率7%左右;套袋有利于降低裂果率,可较CK降低7.4%;树盘覆盖杂草和薄膜对降低成熟期石榴裂果率有一定效果。
【Objective】 To explore ways to reduce the fruit cracking rate of Kashi pomegranate in order to improve its commerciality. 【Method】 The 6-year-old Kashgar sweet pomegranate was used as test material to study the effects of intercropping, bagging, CaCl2 and hormones spraying, tree cover and soil negative pressure on the fruit cracking. 【Result】 GA3 could significantly reduce the rate of fruit cracking when fruit was swollen, GA3 could reduce the rate of fruit cracking by nearly 20% compared with CK, and there was no difference among GA3 concentrations. The rate of fruit cracking with 20mg / L NAA was higher than CK and GA3 Significantly, there was no difference between other concentrations and GA3. Spraying fruit canopy crown spray CaCl2 solution is conducive to reduce the rate of split fruit, can be reduced by about 7%. Tree cover grass, film to reduce the ripe pomegranate fruit cracking rate has a certain effect, which is better film, can reduce the rate of cracking fruit nearly 9%. Bagging can reduce the rate of fruit cracking 7.4%. The effects of different crops on the pomegranate split slightly. It is preliminarily believed that 64 kPa is the negative pressure threshold of soil with increased pomegranate cracking. Controlling the negative pressure of soil below 64 kPa prior to cracking appears to be beneficial for controlling the cracking. 【Conclusion】 GA3 can significantly reduce the fruit cracking rate during fruit enlargement. Fruit NAA can also reduce the fruit cracking rate, but the effect is obviously lower than GA3. Spraying the fruit crown with CaCl2 solution can reduce the fruit cracking rate by about 7% Bagging is helpful to reduce the rate of fruit cracking, which can be 7.4% lower than that of CK. The coverage of weeds and film with tree trays has a certain effect on reducing the rate of fruit cracking in ripe pomegranate fruit.