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目的调查海南地区女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染现状及亚型分布情况。方法采用反向斑点杂交-基因芯片技术对海南地区到医院妇科就诊的2 939例女性患者采集宫颈脱落细胞标本进行23种HPV亚型检测。结果 HPV感染阳性共检出652例,阳性率为22.18%,其中单一感染占78.83%,高危型感染占84.08%,主要为HPV52(20.40%),HPV58(11.20%),HPV16(11.08%)。HPV感染阳性率以≤20岁组最高,为33.33%,>50岁组其次,为26.59%,呈“U”形分布。海南与其他地区HPV感染情况对比,具有显著区别。感染率最高的前三位HPV亚型均为52、58、16,但各地区这三个亚型的感染率及排列顺序都具有较大差别,HPV感染具有地域差异。北京、沈阳、重庆、长沙等地区感染率最高的是HPV16亚型,杭州、南宁、河源地区感染率最高的是HPV52亚型,与海南地区一致。结论海南地区女性HPV感染以单一型感染为主,高危型HPV52、HPV58和HPV16为本地区女性HPV感染主要亚型。HPV基因型分布的研究对当地宫颈癌防治有较好的指导意义。
Objective To investigate the status and subtype distribution of female human papillomavirus (HPV) in Hainan area. Methods Twenty-three cases of HPV subtypes were collected from 2 939 female patients who visited the hospital gynecology department in Hainan Province by reverse dot blot hybridization-gene chip technique. Results The positive rate of HPV infection was 652, with a positive rate of 22.18%. Among them, the single infection accounted for 78.83% and the high risk infection accounted for 84.08%, mainly HPV52 (20.40%), HPV58 (11.20%) and HPV16 (11.08%). The positive rate of HPV infection was highest in patients ≤20 years old, 33.33%, followed by> 50 years old, followed by 26.59%, showing “U” shape distribution. Hainan and other areas of HPV infection in contrast, with a significant difference. The top three HPV subtypes with the highest infection rate were 52, 58, and 16, but the infection rates and arrangement order of these three subtypes in each area were quite different. HPV infection had geographical differences. The highest infection rate in Beijing, Shenyang, Chongqing, Changsha and other areas is HPV16 subtype. The highest infection rate in Hangzhou, Nanning and Heyuan is HPV52 subtype, consistent with that in Hainan. Conclusion The prevalence of HPV infection in Hainan is mainly single type. The high-risk HPV types HPV52, HPV58 and HPV16 are the main subtype of HPV infection in this area. HPV genotype distribution of the prevention and treatment of local cervical cancer has a good guiding significance.