In this paper, we propose a method to improve anti-radiation capability by coating heavy metal X-ray protection glass with compound photonic crystal layers, based on the unique property of photonic crystal that light cannot be propagated within the range of band gaps. Using the plane wave expansion method,we made a theoretical study of parameters affecting the band gap structures of one-dimensional photonic crystals. Based on the findings, we chose appropriate materials and compound structure of photonic crystal so as to get high X-ray reflection coating photonic crystal layers. By this method, the reflection rate within X-ray wavelength can reach the maximum value of 100%, and the average value of over 90%. Even low-cost heavy metal X-ray protection glass of absorption coefficient value can achieve the desired effect. Thus, this method greatly decreases the anti-radiation requirements of heavy X-ray protection glass. In this paper, we propose a method to improve anti-radiation capability by coating heavy metal X-ray protection glass with compound photonic crystal layers, based on the unique property of photonic crystal that light can not be propagated within the range of band gaps. Using the plane wave expansion method, we made a theoretical study of parameters affecting the band gap structures of one-dimensional photonic crystals. Based on the findings, we chose appropriate materials and compound structure of photonic crystal so as to get high X-ray reflection coatings photonic crystal layers. By this method, the reflection rate within X-ray wavelength can reach the maximum value of 100%, and the average value of over 90%. Even low-cost heavy metal X-ray protection glass of absorption coefficient value can Thus, this method greatly reduces the anti-radiation requirements of heavy X-ray protection glass.