目的了解沈阳市托幼机构消毒卫生工作状况,分析托幼机构消毒方面存在的问题及影响因素,为预防和控制儿童传染病的传播提供依据。方法采用现场抽检方法进行调查。结果抽检托幼机构146家,采集样品1 699分,合格1 398份,总合格率为82.28%。其中物体表面监测合格率为84.12%,工作人员手合格率为82.11%,幼儿手合格率为59.21%,空气合格率为81.29%。公办托幼机构监测结果好于民营托幼机构(χ2=21.545,P<0.01),中等规模托幼机构监测效果好于大规模托幼机构(χ2=10.356,P<0.01),独体楼监测效果明显好于非独体楼(χ2=44.746,P<0.01),活动室和寝室功能区分开的监测效果明显好于未分开的(χ2=19.586,P<0.01)。结论幼儿手监测合格率较低,托幼机构工作人员应加强对幼儿洗手的监督;托幼机构性质、楼体设置、功能分区、规模大小是托幼机构环境消毒效果的影响因素。 Objective To understand the status of disinfection and sanitation in kindergartens and nurses in Shenyang and to analyze the problems and influencing factors in the disinfection of kindergartens and nurseries and provide the basis for preventing and controlling the spread of children’s infectious diseases. Methods The method of field sampling was used to investigate. Results There were 146 kindergartens and nurseries sampled, 1 699 samples were collected and 1 398 were qualified, with a total pass rate of 82.28%. Among them, the rate of object surface monitoring was 84.12%, that of staff members was 82.11%, that of child hand was 59.21% and that of air was 81.29%. The monitoring results of public nurseries and kindergartens were better than that of private nurseries (χ2 = 21.545, P <0.01). The monitoring results of medium-sized nurseries were better than those of large-scale nurseries (χ2 = 10.356, P <0.01) (Χ2 = 44.746, P <0.01). The monitoring effect of separation of function room and dormitory function area was obviously better than that of non-separated building (χ2 = 19.586, P <0.01). Conclusion The qualified rate of child hand monitoring is low. The nursery and childbirth staff should strengthen the supervision of children’s hand-washing. The nature, nurture body setting, functional zoning and size of kindergartens and nurses should be the influencing factors of environment disinfection effect.