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目的了解宁夏银川市小学生跌落伤害发生的流行病学现况,为制定预防策略及干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取银川市金凤区4所小学1~3年级1 713名在校学生及其家长作为研究对象,回顾2013年1年中跌落伤害的发生现况。结果调查学校小学生跌伤发生率为21.37%,其中男生跌伤发生率(21.82%)与女生(20.93%)无明显差异(χ~2=0.20,P>0.05),农村学校跌伤发生率(27.25%)与城市学校(17.50%)差异有统计学意义(χ~2=23.15,P<0.01)。前3位跌伤原因为绊倒(30.33%)、摔倒(25.68%)和被推/被撞(18.85%);跌伤主要发生场所为家中(37.98%)、学校(30.05%)、公路和街道(25.41%),城市学生发生在学校较多,农村则发生在家中较多;跌伤发生时的活动多为同伴嬉戏打闹(29.51%)、娱乐玩耍(28.96%)和体育活动(13.39%)。结论银川市小学生跌落伤害常见多发,应针对其危险因素,在跌落事件发生的特定环境和跌落发生时的活动基础上制定预防策略及干预措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological status of drop injuries among primary school students in Yinchuan, Ningxia and provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention strategies and interventions. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 1713 school-aged students and their parents from grade 1 to grade 3 in 4 primary schools in Jinfeng District of Yinchuan as study objects. The status of fall injuries in 2013 was reviewed. Results The incidence of falls in school pupils was 21.37%. There was no significant difference between the incidence of falls in boys (21.82%) and girls (20.93%) (χ ~ 2 = 0.20, P> 0.05) 27.25%) was significantly different from that of urban school (17.50%) (χ ~ 2 = 23.15, P <0.01). The first three fell because of stumbling (30.33%), fall (25.68%) and being pushed / hit (18.85%). The main place of fall was home (37.98%), school (30.05%), (25.41%). There were more urban students in schools and more rural ones in rural areas. 29.51% of them played recreational games (28.96%) and sports activities 13.39%). Conclusions Yinchuan pupils fall injuries are common and should be based on its risk factors, the occurrence of specific events in the drop event and the event of a drop based on the activities to develop preventive strategies and interventions.